OBJECTIVE The aim was to examine the relation between environmental and biological (blood and urine) indices of exposure to different chemical forms of cobalt. METHODS A cross sectional study was undertaken in workers exposed to cobalt metal, oxides, and salts in a refinery and to a mixture of cobalt and tungsten carbide in a hard metal producing plant. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Although biolo...

In general, routine industrial hygiene (IH) data are collected not to serve for scientific research but to check for compliance with occupational limit values. In the preparation of an occupational retrospective cohort study it is vital to test the validity of the exposure assessment based on incomplete (temporal coverage, departments) IH data. Existing IH data from a large hard metal plant was...

cobalt is one of the most important constituent present in ceramic industries. glazers are the relevant workers when they are producing blue colored ceramic, causing occupational exposure to such metal. through this study, urinary cobalt was determined in glazers in a ceramic industry when they were producing blue-colored ceramic glazes.in this case-control study, spot urine samples were collec...

A method for the preconcentration and determination of cobalt in human urine samples was developed. The online preconcentration and determination were attained using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectromety (ICP-AES) coupled to a flow injection (FI) method. Cobalt was retained on an Amberlite XAD-7 resin as cobalt-2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol complex at pH 9.5. Co...

cobalt is widely used in different industrial processes for production of various synthetic materials. for assessment of human exposure to toxic metal of co (ii), environmental and biological monitoring are essential processes, in which, preparation of samples is one of the most time-consuming and error-prone aspects prior to instrumental analysis. the aim of this study was to achieve optimum f...

BACKGROUND Cobalt is one of the most important constituent present in ceramic industries. Glazers are the relevant workers when they are producing blue colored ceramic, causing occupational exposure to such metal. Through this study, urinary cobalt was determined in glazers in a ceramic industry when they were producing blue-colored ceramic glazes. METHODS In this case-control study, spot uri...

The distribution and adverse effects, especially to optic and acoustic nerves, of cobalt released from a hip arthroplasty and its association with albumin were studied. The analysis of cobalt was performed in plasma, whole blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The fraction of albumin binding the metal was determined by colorimetric assay...

OBJECTIVES To assess the exposure to tungsten, cobalt, and nickel in a plant producing hard metals. The main components of hard metals are tungsten carbide and cobalt metal. According to recent studies, these two components may be responsible for both fibrogenic and carcinogenic effects. METHODS 87 workers were investigated (86 male, one female) with a median age of 42 (range 22-58) and a mea...

Hydrophobic sand is a relatively new method of urine collection in the rodent, comparable to the established method using a metabolic cage. Urine samples are often used in rodent research, especially for biomarkers of health changes after internal contamination from embedded metals, such as in a model of a military shrapnel wound. However, little research has been done on the potential interfer...

Pulmonary fibrosis in hard metal grinders has been observed to an increasing degree in recent years. Most authors attribute the cause of this disease to the influence of the cobalt contained in hard metals. The present case dealt with a 36-year-old man who had been exposed to the grinding dust from sintered hard metal parts for more than 10 years. Biopsy of the lung revealed an advanced, active...